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Reaction Summary

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Reaction Summary

Ketones and Aldehydes to imines

a)

Ketones and aldehydes to imines

Wittig reaction - Ketones to alkenes

b)

Wittig reaction - ketones to alkenes

Ketones and aldehydes to acetals and ketals

c)

Aldehydes to hemiacetal to acetal

d)

ketone to hemiketal to ketal

Acetal protecting group

e)

Acetal protecting group

Deprotonation of carboxylic acid

f)

Deprotonation of carboxylic acid

Fischer Esterification – carboxylic acid to ester

g)

Fischer esterification - carboxylic to ester

Carboxylic acid to acid chloride to ester

h)

Carboxylic acid to acid chloride to ester

Acid chloride to amide

i)

Acid chloride to amide

Carboxylic acid to ketone

j)

Carboxylic acid to ketone

Reductions of carbonyls

k)

Reduction of ketone to alcohol

l)

Reduction of aldehyde

m)

Reductio of acid chloride

n)

Reduction of ester

o)

Reduction of carboxylic acid

p)

reduction of carboxylic acid to aldehyde

q)

Reduction of carboxylic acid to aldehyde

r)

Hydrogen, Raney Nickel reduction of alkene and carbonyl

Grignard reagent attacks of carbonyls

s)

Grignard reagent attacks ketone

t)

Grignard reagent attacks aldehyde

u)

Grignard reagent attacks acid chloride

v)

Grignard reagent attacks ester

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